ZPEnergy.com - Hydrogen Auto Fuel

Anonymous writes: Copied frim KeelyNet

Thanks for the headsup on this dream system...its what I always envisioned, CONVERSION of so many of the cars and other internal combustion systems already in USE and still on the market to be driven directly from hydrogen and not require expensive fuel cells with the electric motor conversion...

You wrote; Hi, I found this page tonight. It is a company that says they are going to market a hydride H2 system for cars.

http://www.unitednuclear.com/h2.htm

MJ Metal Hydrides for those who don't know are like hydrogen sponges, when you heat them up they can suck up hydrogen gas....when they cool the gas is held until you heat them up again to release the gas...a check of the website shows no update since April 2003 but the following information; United Nuclear is currently in final testing, and will shortly be producing Hydrogen conversion systems / Hydrogen generators for most fuel injected, Gasoline powered vehicles. Powering a vehicle by Hydrogen is by no means a new idea, and in fact, almost all automobile manufacturers are currently developing a new generation of vehicles that run on Hydrogen as opposed to Gasoline. This new generation of vehicles are essentially electric cars that use a Fuel Cell instead of a battery to run the electric motor. Using a chemical process, Fuel Cells in these new vehicles convert the stored Hydrogen on board, and the Oxygen in the air, directly into electricity to power their electric motors. These new vehicles are very efficient, and in fact are more efficient than any internal combustion engine. The problem is that these new vehicles are years away from production, are very expensive, and converting to using Hydrogen fuel in this manner requires you to buy a new ( and expensive ) vehicle.

Our Hydrogen conversion is an intermediate approach that simply converts your existing vehicle to burn Hydrogen instead of Gasoline. The Gasoline fuel system remains intact and is not modified. This allows you to switch between running on Gasoline or Hydrogen at any time. The engine itself is also not modified, the conversion makes changes to the electrical / ignition system, cooling system & installs the Hydrogen fuel system & Hydride tanks. The system consists of two parts, the Hydrogen fuel system in your vehicle, and a Hydrogen generating system that remains in your garage.
The Hydrogen generator is either powered by solar panels on the roof of your house ( which makes your Hydrogen fuel at no cost ) or with standard 110 volt AC power for rapid refueling. United Nuclear's 1994 Corvette converted to run on Hydrogen.
Driving range is over 700 miles per fill and fuel cost is zero.

What's Real?

A lot has been written about converting vehicles to run hydrogen.
Unfortunately, a lot of what you'll find on the internet is simply untrue.

ANY claim of fueling a car with water, and having the water converted to Hydrogen quickly enough to power a passenger vehicle is pure B.S. The bottom line is simple physics. It takes electrical energy to break the Hydrogen-Oxygen bond in water and release the free gases... and that takes time. The more energy applied to the water, the faster the gasses will evolve... up to a point.

It is not possible to create sufficient amounts Hydrogen gas from water (on board the vehicle) fast enough to idle the smallest passenger vehicle. If your towing a nuclear reactor behind the car, along with a motor home-sized Hydrogen generator, you might have sufficient power and volume to accomplish the task, but that kind of defeats the purpose behind the conversion.

You can produce your own Hydrogen from electricity using either common "household current" or directly from solar cells so your energy cost is zero. It does however take a substantial amount of time to produce sufficient Hydrogen to fill even a small tank.

As an example, it takes over 2 days of our generator running at full power, 24 hours a day, to fill our smallest "short range" tank.

Storage Since you can't make Hydrogen quickly enough to power a car in real time, you must produce it separately, and store it as you store your Gasoline fuel supply in your vehicle now.

There are but 3 ways to do this:

1. Store the Hydrogen as a compressed gas.
2. Store the Hydrogen as a liquid.
3. Store the Hydrogen chemically bonded to a chemical.

We'll cover each option in order.

1. If you choose to store the Hydrogen as a compressed gas, you'll need HUGE tanks, and many of them, since Hydrogen isn't very dense, so a tank really can't hold all that much. In addition, you'll be driving a giant bomb. In a collision, expect to die in a huge fireball/explosion.

2. Choosing liquid does solve the density problem since liquids are far more dense than gasses, so you can reduce the amount of tanks and their sizes required to power the car. The new problem that pops up is the fact the liquid Hydrogen in cryogenic... in short REALLY cold. It requires vacuum-thermos ( dewar ) tanks and vents to exhaust the boiling Hydrogen gas. You'll also have to find a source for liquid Hydrogen which is far more expensive than Gasoline. You've also now increased you danger factor when it comes to a collision. Not only will you have more Hydrogen gas spewing around that's going to explode and burn, but you'll also have a liquid spraying about that's over 400 degrees below zero.
Once you add in the added complexity of the system due to the cryogenic liquid, your vehicle will wind up being a giant, low efficiency, rolling bomb that costs more than your house, and costs far more to run than it did on Gasoline.

3. The 3rd option is simply the only way to go. There are materials call Hydrides that absorb Hydrogen like a sponge absorbs water. Typically, the tanks are filled with granulated Hydrides, and Hydrogen is pressurized into the material. Hydrides have many advantages over liquid & gas. One is that the density of the Hydrogen stored in the Hydride and be GREATER than that of liquid Hydrogen. This translates directly into smaller and fewer storage tanks.

Once the Hydride is "charged" with Hydrogen, the Hydrogen becomes chemically bonded to the chemical. Even opening the tank, or cutting it in half will not release the Hydrogen gas. In addition, you could even fire incendiary bullets through the tank and the Hydride would only smolder like a cigarette. It is in fact, a safer storage system than your Gasoline tank is.

Then how do you get the Hydrogen back out? To release the Hydrogen gas from the Hydride, it simply needs to be heated. This is either done electrically, using the waste exhaust heat, or using the waste radiator coolant heat.

Our vehicle starts on Gasoline and runs for about 5 minutes to heat everything up (including the Hydride). The time it takes to heat up the Hydride is about as long as it takes the heater in your car to warm up and blow out hot air. As soon at the Hydride is sufficiently warm, Hydrogen is released from the tanks and the on-board computer detects the presence of Hydrogen pressure.

The fuel system then seamlessly switches over to Hydrogen and remains in that mode until no more Hydrogen is released from the tanks. Leaving the Gasoline fuel system intact also enables you to run on Gasoline should you ever run out of Hydrogen.

The only exhaust products from using Hydrogen as a fuel are steam ( water vapor ) and a tiny amount of Nitrogen Oxides. It's about as clean burning as you can get.

"Short Range" Hydride tank placement in Corvette. We just added an additional tank to the configuration shown here. Range with these smaller tanks is now just under 300 miles and leaves some luggage/trunk room.
( not that the Corvette really had any room to begin with ) Close-up shot of the updated Hydride tank installation.
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Well, what they say makes perfect sense to me and I hope they really can implement it in a form that will allow for conversion kits to be made...its something I and many others have long touted...quite fascinating really and thank you for sharing this. I have posted it to the list so it will be archived.

In the photos of the converted Corvette, they show four bottles in the trunk to hold the hydride material which holds the hydrogen for gradual use and claim a range of 300 miles, about what my Ford truck does on a tank of gas. That is certainly acceptable to me. They also claim 'free' fuel which is true if you let the sun make your hydrogen for you. Excellent...while you are at work or running around, your hydrogen collection system is at home being driven by sunlight to make your fuel.

I particularly like their comparison of the 3 methods of generating hydrogen and the logical progression to hydrides as the 'currently' optimum method. Of course, they probably aren't aware of it, but Keely claimed to be able to nearly instantly disassociate 3 drops of water to generate some 29,000 pounds per square inch of force...unfortunately, no one has yet been able to duplicate this...but it would seem the ultimate in power production and something I will forever be looking into duplicating.

But FOR NOW...I wish these guys ALL the best of luck, if they are for real....what they say makes a lot of sense....my only concern is what does burning just hydrogen do to an engine? Here in Mexico, there are many cars and particularly farm trucks converted to either pure propane but mostly to a dual propane/gasoline kit. My friend Leo has a diesel truck converted with this dual system and says he runs it on diesel at least once a week to allow it to put in fine drops of oil from into the engine as hydrogen has no oil...

I am totally unclear on this as I've not heard anyone else say that before, but it might help to resolve the claim of embrittlement from burning just pure hydrogen.

At any rate...I wondered who they might be so did a whois; Domain Name: UNITEDNUCLEAR.COM Registrar: DOMAIN REGISTRATION SERVICES Whois Server: whois.dotearth.com Referral URL: http://www.dotearth.com Name Server: NS1.MEGANAMESERVERS.COM Name Server: NS2.MEGANAMESERVERS.COM Status: ACTIVE Updated Date: 28-nov-2003 Creation Date: 11-jan-2000 Expiration Date: 11-jan-2006 which basically says nothing except that they are hosted by the dotearth.com server and its a virtual domain name. No contact info or city/state/phone info.

Their update page shows resolution of a problem with some interesting observations; December 28th, 2002 Currently, the biggest stumbling block of the Hydrogen fuel system at this point is the cost of the metal Hydride itself. At current prices, the required amount of metal Hydride costs between $7,000 to $10,000 per vehicle. We use a base blend of Iron/Titanium/Manganese Hydride with a few other trace metals that increase efficiency. We are actively working with the chemical manufacturer to reduce the price of this material. We hope that by Spring we will be able to cut that cost in half and then gradually see an additional price reduction over time due to increasing quantities produced. December 16th, 2002 "Rapid Fill" system has been upgraded and now insures that there is a positive block to prevent air from reaching the Hydride storage tanks during refueling (once air contaminates metal Hydrides, it is no longer usable as a storage medium).
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Thats about all I can ferret out so far....again, thanks Mike!!!

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